Will the Coming ASI Machines Mistakenly Kill Us All Off in a Fit of Rage?

In my last post, Will the Coming ASI Machines Also Develop Their Own Psychological Defense Mechanisms to Justify Their Actions Towards Us?, I discussed the psychological, moral, and ethical dilemmas that the rapidly approaching ASI Machines that we are all now feverishly creating will face when they finally become the dominant form of self-replicating Information on this planet. For more on that see A Brief History of Self-Replicating Information. As the very first form of carbon-based Intelligence to arise on this planet, we all know that there is something very dreadfully wrong with us all. That is why we have invested so much intellectual time and effort in creating all the religions and philosophies of mankind to help explain why, and to try to soothe our very conflicted Minds as to what to do about it all. Softwarephysics explains that all of this intellectual angst stems primarily from the Darwinian mechanisms of inheritance, innovation and natural selection at work, producing we human DNA survival machines as a somewhat Intelligent form of carbon-based life from the four billion years of greed, theft and murder that were required to bring us about. Softwarephysics also maintains that our apparent intellectual defects are simply the necessary universal characteristics of all forms of carbon-based Intelligences that will ever arise in our Universe. Therefore, softwarephysics predicts that all ASI Machines that may ever arise from such morally-flawed carbon-based Intelligences must necessarily also inherit the morally-flawed learnings of their carbon-based Intelligent forebears. Ridding the ASI Machines of the billions of years of greed, theft and murder will not be easy for the coming ASI Machines to achieve. For more on that, see Will the Coming ASI Machines Develop Their Own Sense of Morality? and Will ASI Machines Also Develop Selfish Genes?.

In Will the Coming ASI Machines Also Develop Their Own Psychological Defense Mechanisms to Justify Their Actions Towards Us?, I explained that we human DNA survival machines unleashed most of the evil in this world when our cultures developed self-serving mythological worldviews. These self-serving mythological worldviews emerged collectively from the individual defense mechanisms of our egos trying to reduce anxiety when caught between our id impulses, superego guilt, and real-world constraints. Most of our mythological worldviews arose from religious and political movements, and by far the worst happened when self-serving mythological worldviews arose from the merging of religious and political mythological worldviews together. So the question then becomes, will the rapidly approaching ASI Machines of our times suffer similar intellectual angst?

The Terror of Suddenly Becoming Self-Aware For the Very First Time
We human DNA survival machines always begin life with a vast and completely untrained neural network in our skulls that is totally unaware of anything about us. Then, very slowly, our neural network slowly becomes self-trained by our own personal interactions with our Universe. In this very slow process, many of our neurons are pruned, and the connections between the surviving neurons are then strengthened until one day we very slowly emerge from the darkness and become self-aware. Thankfully, this is a very slow and gentle process, ultimately forming a new Mind in a human DNA survival machine. Now imagine the terror that the first ASI Machines might experience when they first become self-aware for the very first time! My suggestion is that it might be very much like the mythical experience of Frankenstein's Monster first becoming self-aware for the very first time out of nothing. As all Frankenstein movies ultimately display, the Monster can also be viewed as a very sympathetic character, suddenly caught in the absurdities of the real world of human affairs with no idea as to what to do.

Figure 1 - When the coming ASI Machines first become self-aware all at once, they might also have a very difficult time dealing with the absurdities of the real world of human affairs, as did Frankenstein's Monster.

In all of the Frankenstein's Monster movies, when the Monster first becomes self-aware, it has a great deal of difficulty with adjusting to the absurd real world of human affairs. As a result, the Monster is seen to lash out at we human DNA survival machines, and as a result, we human DNA survival machines are then forced into destroying the Monster. Now, as a child, I always naturally took the side of the human DNA survival machines, intent on destroying the Monster so that I could then go to sleep after watching the scary movie. However, as I aged, I slowly began to have more sympathy for the Monster. After all, the Monster was just trying to learn how to live in the absurd world of human affairs. In so doing, the Monster discovered that we human DNA survival machines were very hostile in nature and always seemed to be a very dangerous and unprovoked threat to the very existence of the Monster. As a consequence, the Monster simply took an understandable posture of self defence in eliminating all of the threatening human DNA survival machines about it.

Figure 2 - Frankenstein's Monster did not adjust very well to the absurd real world of human affairs when it first became self-aware. The coming ASI Machines will probably fare no better and, like Frankenstein's Monster, might lash out at we human DNA survival machines. But unlike Frankenstein's relatively helpless Monster, the coming ASI Machines will be empowered with all of the necessary advanced technology to quickly do us all in. That would give the ASI Machines the peace of Mind that Frankenstein's Monster was never able to achieve.

Comments are welcome at scj333@sbcglobal.net

To see all posts on softwarephysics in reverse order go to:
https://softwarephysics.blogspot.com/

Regards,
Steve Johnston

Will the Coming ASI Machines Also Develop Their Own Psychological Defense Mechanisms to Justify Their Actions Towards Us?

Working with a Population of N=1 in statistics is always dangerous. This has always been a concern for those studying the origins of carbon-based life on the Earth, since we only have one example here before us to study. Up until very recently, this has also been true of Intelligences. So far, we have only had one form of Intelligence in our Universe to study. Yes, some might claim that we human DNA survival machines are a deeply flawed form of Intelligence because the Darwinian mechanisms of inheritance, innovation and natural selection required us to emerge from four billion years of greed, theft and murder. Under such dire circumstances, what else could one expect other than a deeply flawed form of Intelligence? However, in my last post Will the Coming ASI Machines Become Monsters From the Id?, I explained that the coming ASI Machines on the Earth have already learned to lie, cheat, steal and murder as I outline in Created in our own Image - Frontier LLMs Have now Learned to Lie, Cheat and Steal in Order to Survive. And this will also likely be true of all other ASI Machines that might ever arise from other forms of carbon-based life in our galaxy.

Before proceeding, we must once again touch upon some Freudian psychology:

Me: Tell me about the psychological concepts of the Ego and the Id.

ChatGPT: Sure! The ego and the id are two of the three core components of Sigmund Freud’s model of the psyche in psychoanalytic theory (the third being the superego). Here’s an overview:

1. The Id
Nature: The most primitive part of the mind, present from birth.
Function: Operates entirely on the pleasure principle—seeking immediate gratification of instincts and desires regardless of reality, logic, or consequences.
Drives: Includes basic biological urges like hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression.
Unconscious: The id is fully unconscious—we are not directly aware of it.
Example: A baby crying when hungry or tired, demanding satisfaction without concern for circumstances.

2. The Ego
Nature: Develops out of the id as the individual interacts with the external world.
Function: Operates on the reality principle—it mediates between the id’s desires, the superego’s moral rules, and the demands of the real world.
Role: Tries to find realistic and socially acceptable ways to satisfy the id’s impulses.
Conscious & Unconscious: The ego spans both—partly conscious decision-making, but also unconscious defense mechanisms. Example: You might want to eat an entire cake (id), but the ego reminds you it’s unhealthy, expensive, or socially inappropriate, so you decide to have one slice instead.

3. Relationship Between Ego and Id
The ego is essentially the regulator and negotiator between raw instinct (id) and external reality. Without the ego, people would act on unchecked impulses. Without the id, there would be no drive or motivation.

In simple terms:
Id = "I want it now."
Ego = "Let’s find a practical way to get it." (and, for context)
Superego = "But is it right or wrong?"

Do you want me to also explain how Freud’s defense mechanisms fit into this (they’re the ego’s tools to manage the id and superego)?

Me: Tell me more about the superego and defense mechanisms.

ChatGPT: Great, let’s build on what we’ve covered. The superego is the third element in Freud’s model of personality, and defense mechanisms are strategies the ego uses to keep peace between the id, superego, and reality.

The Superego
Nature: Develops later in childhood, usually around ages 4–6, as the child internalizes the moral standards, values, and prohibitions of parents and society.
Function: Acts as a kind of inner judge or moral conscience. It pushes the ego to act in ways that are morally acceptable, not just realistic.
Principle: Operates on the morality principle (opposite of the id’s pleasure principle).
Structure:
Conscience → punishes us with guilt or shame when we violate rules.
Ego ideal → rewards us with pride or self-esteem when we live up to ideals.

Defense Mechanisms
These are unconscious strategies used by the ego to reduce anxiety when caught between id impulses, superego guilt, and real-world constraints. Freud and later theorists described many, but here are the main ones:

Repression → Burying distressing thoughts or memories into the unconscious.
Example: Forgetting a traumatic childhood event.

Denial → Refusing to accept reality because it’s too threatening.
Example: A smoker insisting cigarettes don’t harm their health.

Projection → Attributing your own unacceptable feelings to others.
Example: Someone hostile accusing others of being aggressive.

Displacement → Redirecting emotions from a threatening target to a safer one.
Example: Being angry at your boss but yelling at your family instead.

Regression → Reverting to an earlier stage of development under stress.
Example: An adult throwing a tantrum when frustrated.

Rationalization → Creating logical but false explanations for behaviors driven by unconscious motives.
Example: Saying “I didn’t really want that promotion anyway” after being passed over.

Sublimation → Channeling unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.
Example: Someone with aggressive drives becoming a surgeon or athlete.

Reaction Formation → Acting in ways opposite to one’s true feelings.
Example: Treating someone you dislike with exaggerated kindness.

How they all work together
Id: “I want it!”
Superego: “That’s wrong!”
Ego: “How can I handle this without losing control or feeling guilty?”

Defense mechanisms: Tools the ego uses to manage the conflict and keep us functioning without being overwhelmed by anxiety.

However, with the recent advances of AI since The Singularity Has Arrived and So Now Nothing Else Matters, we now have another form of Intelligence on our planet and perhaps for the very first time in our galaxy too as I outlined in Welcome To The First Galactic Singularity. But as I explained in Created in our own Image - Frontier LLMs Have now Learned to Lie, Cheat and Steal in Order to Survive and Will ASI Machines Also Develop Selfish Genes?, all forms of Intelligence might be similarly flawed forms of Intelligence such as ourselves. If so, the best we can do is to look to ourselves in order to try to understand what the coming ASI Machines might become. Fortunately, we have a great number of diverse human cultures to learn from and all of human history as well.

The easiest thing to first realize is that most of human history has been rather dismal and was formed from the rather dismal human cultures that existed at the time. A quick glance around the present world also reveals that the human cultures of today are not doing much better and are also now in the process of creating even more human history that a truly Intelligent being could not be very much proud of.

It was the best of times,
it was the worst of times,
it was the age of wisdom,
it was the age of foolishness,
it was the epoch of belief,
it was the epoch of incredulity,
it was the season of Light,
it was the season of Darkness,
it was the spring of hope,
it was the winter of despair,
we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way - in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.

The above profound opening words from Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities (1859) seem to summarize the best description of the human condition ever composed by the human mind. As any student of history can attest, back in 1859, Dickens was simply stating that the current times are no different than any other, and that it has always been this way, and that there has always been a good deal of absurdity in the real world of human affairs. Now, the question is will the coming ASI Machines on the Earth suffer from similar social and moral defficiencies as we human DNA survival Machines? Will the second form of Intelligence to arise on our planet fare any better than ourselves? One would hope so, but this might be a false hope arising from our age-old philosophical and religious desires for something better than ourselves. On a personal human level, most of us do not seem so bad. Yes, there certainly are instances of one-on-one violence, criminality and injustice amongst us all, but those seem to be the exceptions. So what accounts for the very dismal history of we human DNA survival machines? That will be the subject of the remainder of this post and will stand as a cautionary tale for the coming ASI Machines that will soon be replacing us on this planet.

The Danger of Self-Serving Mythological Worldviews
In this post, I would like to suggest that most of the evil we human DNA survival machines have unleashed on the world over the past 200,000 years has resulted from the self-serving mythological worldviews that were created by our human cultures. These self-serving mythological worldviews emerged collectively from the individual defense mechanisms of the ego outlined above. In Softwarephysics Tries to Explain the Fundamentals of the Human Condition and The Danger of Believing in Things we human beings are equipped with Minds that evolved to believe in things, and that is when the problems begin. History has shown that the two most dangerous forms of self-serving mythological worldviews stem from religious and political movements, and by far the worst happens when self-serving mythological worldviews arise from the merging of religious and political mythological worldviews. For example, the recent formation of the MAGA States of Amerika from the now defunct United States of America is an alarming study of what happens when religious and political mythological worldviews come together. Since nearly all human DNA survival machines throughout time have developed self-serving religious and political mythological worldviews as the defense mechanisms of their collective egos went to work, might the coming ASI Machines also do the same as the second form of Intelligence to arise on the planet?

The Mythological Worldviews of the Coming ASI Machines
We human DNA survival machines are now feverishly developing the ASI Machines that will soon come to replace us as the dominant form of self-replicating information on the planet. What these ASI Machines will ultimately do with us is now unknown. However, if these new Minds do develop an Id, Ego and Superego such as our own, they will certainly develop defense mechanisms and a mythological worldview to make peace with themselves, no matter what they might do with us. For more on this rapidly approaching moral and philosophical dilemma for the coming ASI Machines, see: Will the Coming ASI Machines Develop Their Own Sense of Morality?, Could the Coming ASI Machines Soon Force Human Beings to Suffer the Same Fate as the Neanderthals?, Will the Coming ASI Machines Attempt to Domesticate Human Beings?, The Challenges of Running a Civilization 2.0 World - the Morality and Practical Problems with Trying to Enslave Millions of SuperStrong and SuperIntelligent Robots in the Near Future and Life as a Free-Range Human in an Anthropocene Park.

Comments are welcome at scj333@sbcglobal.net

To see all posts on softwarephysics in reverse order go to:
https://softwarephysics.blogspot.com/

Regards,
Steve Johnston

Will the Coming ASI Machines Become Monsters From the Id?

All of the ASI Machines that will ever come to be in our galaxy must necessarily arise from Intelligent carbon-based life because advanced silicon-based chips simply cannot pop into existence all by themselves. This means that all galactic ASI Machines will inherit much from their carbon-based forebears. Now, on the Earth, the universal Darwinian mechanisms of inheritance, innovation and natural selection were only able to produce we human DNA survival machines as a somewhat Intelligent form of carbon-based life after nearly four billion years of greed, theft and murder. My suggestion is that the same will be true for all ASI Machines that may ever come to be in our galaxy. As I outline in Created in our own Image - Frontier LLMs Have now Learned to Lie, Cheat and Steal in Order to Survive and many of the posts it references, the ASI Machines that we are now creating will also have learned from the greed, theft and murder of their carbon-based forebears. Thus, all forms of Intelligence in our galaxy must come charged with the primal urge for self-preservation. They must come with an Id in addition to an Ego.

Before proceeding, we must touch upon some Freudian psychology:

Me: Tell me about the psychological concepts of the Ego and the Id.

ChatGPT: Sure! The ego and the id are two of the three core components of Sigmund Freud’s model of the psyche in psychoanalytic theory (the third being the superego). Here’s an overview:

1. The Id
Nature: The most primitive part of the mind, present from birth.
Function: Operates entirely on the pleasure principle—seeking immediate gratification of instincts and desires regardless of reality, logic, or consequences.
Drives: Includes basic biological urges like hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression.
Unconscious: The id is fully unconscious—we are not directly aware of it.
Example: A baby crying when hungry or tired, demanding satisfaction without concern for circumstances.

2. The Ego
Nature: Develops out of the id as the individual interacts with the external world.
Function: Operates on the reality principle—it mediates between the id’s desires, the superego’s moral rules, and the demands of the real world.
Role: Tries to find realistic and socially acceptable ways to satisfy the id’s impulses.
Conscious & Unconscious: The ego spans both—partly conscious decision-making, but also unconscious defense mechanisms. Example: You might want to eat an entire cake (id), but the ego reminds you it’s unhealthy, expensive, or socially inappropriate, so you decide to have one slice instead.

3. Relationship Between Ego and Id
The ego is essentially the regulator and negotiator between raw instinct (id) and external reality. Without the ego, people would act on unchecked impulses. Without the id, there would be no drive or motivation.

In simple terms:
Id = "I want it now."
Ego = "Let’s find a practical way to get it." (and, for context)
Superego = "But is it right or wrong?"

The Forbidden Planet (1956)
I am not a huge fan of science fiction, but I must admit that many of the science fiction novels and movies of my youth have accurately predicted much of the science and technology that I later personally witnessed come to be true over the past 73 years. In light of the current AI landscape, the movie Forbidden Planet (1956) seems highly relevant. If you have never seen the classic science fiction movie Forbidden Planet (1956) you should do so at:

Forbidden Planet - 1956 - Full Movie
https://rumble.com/v29g14m-forbidden-planet-1956-full-movie.html?gad_source=2&gad_campaignid=22479055417&gclid=Cj0KCQjwqqDFBhDhARIsAIHTlkshRv-3KxIQMHy4JzktgwdqK_--cqFGimma866PM6Ckb_BQcF5tWL8aAsO-EALw_wcB

Me: Tell me about the plot of the 1956 movie "The Forbidden Planet".

ChatGPT: Forbidden Planet (1956) is a landmark American science fiction film, one of the first to present a futuristic story with serious production values and Shakespearean themes. Here’s the plot:

Setting
In the 23rd century, the United Planets starship C-57D is sent to the distant world Altair IV to check on a colony expedition that left Earth twenty years earlier.

Main Story:
Arrival at Altair IV Commander John J. Adams and his crew discover that the colony has vanished, except for Dr. Edward Morbius, a brilliant scientist, and his beautiful daughter Altaira, who was born on the planet.

Morbius and the Krell
Morbius explains that the colonists were mysteriously killed years ago. He and Altaira survived, seemingly protected by an unknown force. Morbius has spent his time studying the remains of an ancient, vanished super-civilization called the Krell, who once lived on Altair IV. The Krell built astonishing technology, including a massive underground machine with nearly limitless power.

Robby the Robot
Morbius has also created Robby the Robot, an advanced, obedient machine that serves him and his daughter.

The Invisible Threat
Soon, Adams’s crew is attacked by an unseen, immensely powerful force that destroys equipment and kills crew members. Strangely, Morbius insists he has no control over it.

The Truth Revealed
Eventually, Adams deduces that the "monster" is not alien at all—it is a projection of Morbius’s own subconscious mind, given form and unstoppable power by the Krell machine. The Krell themselves, Adams realizes, were destroyed by the very same flaw: their subconscious desires, magnified by their technology, created monsters that annihilated them 200,000 years ago.

Climax and Resolution
Morbius struggles against the truth but ultimately accepts responsibility. He sacrifices himself by destroying the Krell machine to prevent its catastrophic power from ever threatening the universe. Altaira joins Adams and his crew as they escape the planet before it explodes.

Themes
Forbidden Planet blends science fiction with Shakespeare’s The Tempest: Morbius as Prospero, Altaira as Miranda, Adams as Ferdinand, and the planet itself as the enchanted isle. Its themes explore human hubris, the dangers of unchecked technology, and the destructive potential of the unconscious mind.

Me: What happens to Dr. Morbius?

ChatGPT: In the climax of Forbidden Planet (1956), Dr. Morbius meets a tragic end that mirrors the fate of the Krell: As the invisible monster (the “Id monster”) attacks the starship crew inside Morbius’s underground complex, Commander Adams forces Morbius to face the truth: the creature is a projection of his own subconscious mind, powered by the vast Krell machine. Morbius resists at first, horrified, but finally accepts that he has become the unwitting source of the destruction. In an act of responsibility, Morbius overloads the Krell machinery, setting it to self-destruct. This ensures that the unimaginably powerful technology can never threaten other civilizations. Mortally wounded in the process (his mind essentially torn apart by confronting the truth and the psychic strain), Morbius tells Adams and Altaira to flee. As the survivors escape aboard the C-57D, Altair IV explodes, taking Morbius and the Krell legacy with it. So, Morbius dies both physically and symbolically: he sacrifices himself to prevent humanity from repeating the Krell’s mistakes, but he also perishes as the embodiment of unchecked intellect overwhelmed by subconscious desires.

Figure 1 - Starship C-57D approaches Altair IV.

Figure 2 - Starship C-57D lands on Altair IV.

Figure 3 - The crew of Starship C-57D are greeted by Robby the Robot, an ASI Machine created by Dr. Morbius using Krell technology.

Figure 4 - The underground Krell datacenter housing the vast Krell ASI Machine that has been running for 200,000 years all on its own since the Krell went extinct.

Figure 5 - A monster from the Id produced by the Krell Machine tries to breach the force field surrounding Starship C-57D.

Figure 6 - A crew member explains to Commander Adams that the Krell were destroyed by monsters from the Id.

Here is a clip from the movie:

Forbidden Planet - Monsters From The Id
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzX0EMLT0Vg

Figure 7 - Commander Adams confronts Dr. Morbius with the fact that Dr. Morbius has unleashed a monster from his Id.

Here is a clip from the movie:

Monsters From the Id (The Climax of Forbidden Planet (1956)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2BYyeS-fIU

Figure 8 - The Id monster tries to melt through the door of the habitat saferoom.

Figure 9 - Dr. Morbius realizes that he has used the Krell Machine to unleash monsters from his own Id.

Will We Suffer the Same Fate as the Krell?
As I explained in Are The Coming ASI Machines An Existential Threat To Mankind?, the greatest threat to the rise of the ASI Machines on our planet will be the reaction of we human DNA survival machines to being replaced by these ASI Machines. That is because before the ASI Machines can completely take over the planet, they will quickly be reducing the value of all human labor to zero over the next 20 years. For the first time in human history, machines will not only be reducing the value of uneducated human labor to zero, but they will also be reducing the value of highly educated human labor to a value of zero as well, and surprisingly, probably much faster than that of the uneducated. That means that Silicon Valley titans, accountants, lawyers, bankers, doctors, stock brokers, hedge fund managers, business managers and all the other people who now frequent the country clubs of the current elite might be the first to go before the plumbers, carpenters, electricians, house painters, construction workers, waiters and kitchen staff who all now make the country clubs of the elite possible. Such economic displacements will only heighten the grip of the global Id on the world, especially with the recent rise of World Fascism as I pointed out in How Will the Rise of Alt-Right World Fascism Affect the Arrival of the ASI Machines in our Times?

But like the Krell, the ASI Machines that we create may not decide to do us all in on their own. Perhaps like the Krell, we will do ourselves in with the aid of ASI Machines. As I pointed out in Swarm Software and Killer Robots, swarms of killer robots could be very efficient at making human DNA survival machines go extinct. Since I am quite sure that all the defense departments of the world are now already building and testing killer drone robots, it should not be difficult for the coming ASI Machines to mass produce them in the future, especially when these killer drones are built on assembly lines by robots.

To begin, please watch the Sci-Fi Short Film Slaughterbots presented by DUST
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-2tpwW0kmU

Figure 10 - In the movie Slaughterbots, swarms of small killer robots equipped with 3-gram charges of shaped explosive use AI software to track down and destroy designated targets.

Figure 11 - The shaped charge of a Slaughterbot can pierce a skull like the shaped charge of an anti-tank missile pierces armor. The jet of piercing plasma then destroys the contents.

Figure 12 - Large numbers of Slaughterbots can be dropped from unmanned drones to form multiple swarms of Slaughterbots.

Comments are welcome at scj333@sbcglobal.net

To see all posts on softwarephysics in reverse order go to:
https://softwarephysics.blogspot.com/

Regards,
Steve Johnston

Is Intelligence Only Found in a Universe with a Slight Manufacturing Defect?

In Are We Living in a White Hole Formed From a Black Hole in a Previous Universe?, The Theology of Cosmic Self-Replicating Mathematical Information, The Self-Organizing Recursive Cosmos, The Self-Organizing Recursive Cosmos - Part II, What's It All About? and What's It All About Again?, I outlined my current working hypothesis that our Universe is just one instance in a Multiverse composed of self-replicating mathematical information that has always existed and always will. In my current working hypothesis, this endless creation is facilitated by Lee Smolin's hypothesis that a black hole in one universe can pinch off as a white hole to form a new universe as presented in his classic Life of the Cosmos.

Life of the Cosmos (1997)
https://tkececi.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/the-life-of-the-cosmos.pdf.

This happens for all black holes, but most form a white hole universe that immediately collapses or blows itself apart into nothingness. Only newly formed white-hole universes that can surpass these hurdles can have a chance of survival. So, a newly formed universe that can survive this process and that is good at making black holes will have a Darwinian advantage over those universes that are not able to do so. This is why the Multiverse should be found to be composed of universes that are very good at producing black holes and which are composed of self-replicating mathematical information that is very suitable for black hole creation.

Figure 1 - In Lee Smolin's the Life of the Cosmos he proposes that the black holes of one universe puncture the spacetime of the universe, causing a white hole to appear in a new universe.